Robotic Device Assists Intubation in Medical Emergencies

Researchers at Ohio State University (OSU; Columbus, USA) have developed a robotic endoscopic device for intubation that is propelled by an electric motor and is controlled by a small computer. The device receives real-time three-dimensional (3D) information on its own anatomical position by means of a small speaker placed near the laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple) that emits both soundwaves and magnetic waves that are detected by accelerometers and magnetic fields, respectively. The device has just completed proof of concept testing.

“Medical professionals often are unable to see important parts of airway anatomy because of the presence of blood, vomit, swellings, and lesions. A laryngoscope or other intubation tools currently available require human visual guidance,” said co-developer anesthesiologist Hamdy Awad, MD. “During intubation, it is critical to locate or identify the vocal cords so that the breathing tube passes between them into the trachea instead of into the esophagus.”

“The progress made by this diverse team is extraordinary,” said co-developer mechanical engineer Professor Emeritus Bob Bailey, PhD. “Our next steps include refining computer software, optimizing the motor, and embarking on human tests. That is going to take some money, but I think the potential benefit of this technology makes it a great investment.”

Intubation, the placement of an endotracheal tube to maintain a clear air passage to the lungs, must usually be visually guided into the trachea. If mistakenly sent down the esophagus, the patient may not be able to breathe and could even perish.

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